Integrated Approach To Tourism Planning And Management Tourism Essay

Integrated Approach To Tourism Planning And Management Tourism Essay Tourism is one of the worlds biggest industries. For developing countries, it is also one of the biggest incomes generators. Early literature in tourism development emphasized the role of tourism in economic development, particularly for developing countries (Erbes, 1973). However, the negative social, cultural impacts of tourism has increased in the past two decades , calling for more aware of planning and management of tourism development(WTO, 1996; Mathieson Wall,1982, Wahab, 1997). The benefit of tourism in the countrys economy is a major incentive for developing countries due to three pro-tourism arguments. First, the evolution of the request for international travel is scheduled to continue at astonishing rate because of the economic stability and travel preferences of people in the developed regions such as Europe, Asia and North America. Secondly, income elasticity of demand for the tourism means that, as the family income for the developed world increased, the disposable in come would be directed to travel. Thirdly, developing countries need the foreign exchange earnings to support its economic development initiatives, in order to meet the needs of their local residents. By pro-tourism arguments, many developing countries are choosing, or being encouraged to develop tourism over some of the more traditional industry alternatives such as agriculture and manufacturing (Mill Morrison, 1999). The major problems with agriculture are that overly dependent upon a few specific crops or products. In the competitive world market, where externalities and price are uncontrollable and unpredictable, countries dependent on agriculture have an unreliable and inconsistent source of revenue. Under these circumstances, the tourism industry can play the role in diversifying economy and the supplement the income has brought in through the agriculture. For example, after introducing tourism into the Caribbean island economies, the $9 billion tourism sector brought in six times the revenue of all traditional agricultural exports (Simon, 1995). Other developing countries have set up manufacturing as an economic development policy option. In order to manufacture, a country need to have easily accessible source of raw materials for production. The country which has rich in natural resources is more successful in manufacturing. Many developing countries has shortage of skilled labour which is one of the necessary inputs for manufacturing. even when these problems are non-existent export oriented industries still face full international competition in selling their products (Mill Morrison, 1999). Tourism also need land , skilled labour, capital resources to access . Yet, tourism, in the way that the product is produced and delivered, may be a more viable alternative for developing countries. Most developing have the basic raw materials resources for tourism industry. Using the countrys heritage, architecture , the natural and cultural resources makes a destination unique and marketable to visitors. Accessing tourism is a good choice for the development of economics and requires more than simply understand the projected growth. Tourism requires many other reasons to make a suitable fit for developing countries. Unlike agriculture and manufacturing industries, tourism produces an invisible export. Tourism also allows countries to manipulate exchange rates to influence visitor expenditures. For instance, the destination can lower the exchange rates in order to attract more number of visitors. Tourism affect directly or indirectly to other sectors of economy more than other industry. The strategies to maximize the economic benefits from tourism for developing countries are to bring in more money from visitors and organize tourism to minimize leakage of money and jobs. The statement looks simple but it actually complex due to some reasons. Government and private sector play in establishing policy and encouraging development in developing countries. National policies on tourism in developing countries are usually the domain of the state, whereas in more developed countries, private entrepreneurs often dominate policy formation and enactment (Liu, 1998). In most developing countries, owing to the small size of the private sector and the shortage of funds, the government necessarily takes on the role of entrepreneur (Shurland, 1998). This is usually in response to proposed private foreign investment. Governments in the developing world generally have the responsibility of formulating and enforcing tourism policy, and for many, sustainable tourism goals are central to their tourism plan. This should include, as already stated, increasing the economic impact of tourism to the local economy by reducing the leakage of foreign exchange earnings. As previously mentioned, one of the ways to increase the tourism development is to bring in tourist who spend money in the developing country. As the mass tourism markets is criticized for the negative environmental and social impacts they cause, there is growing attention to those with higher household income expecting that they will spend more money during their visit. Although this sounds logical, the strategy has its critics (Mill Morrison, 1999). Although it is not clear, visitors with high incomes may spend more but they may also require substantial investment in infrastructure and facilities with high import content.

Implementation of K-12 Essay

Why add two years? This is the question everybody is asking. â€Å"We need to add two years to our basic education. Those who can afford pay up to fourteen years of schooling before university. Thus, their children are getting into the best universities and the best job after graduation. I want at least 12 years for our public school children to give them an even chance at succeeding. †President Benigno S. Aquino† These are the words that really made a great impact to me. Since, at first I was one of the many individual who also questioned this change of curriculum. But as I have watched the AVP that question was answered by these words of our president. I could say K+12 Curriculum is a good program of the department of education since it is presented that it will decongest and enhance the basic education curriculum. It will also give better quality education. It was also mentioned in the AVP the benefits of this curriculum such as; The Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program will be instrumental in achieving the nation’s vision of high school graduates. The benefits of the K+12 proposals far outweigh the additional costs that will be incurred by both government and families. An enhanced curriculum will decongest academic workload. Graduates will possess competencies and skills relevant to the job market. Graduates will be prepared for higher education. Graduates could now be recognized abroad. The economy will experience accelerated growth in the long run. The Philippine education system will be at par with international standards. A better educated society provides a sound foundation for long-term socio-economic development. Learning comes when you better understand the things that are taught to you. As an educator I could relate to this since I have seen that children can interact more if they know and they understand the words or language you’re using. Thus making the curriculum decongested can really help the pupils to better understand their lesson and acquire more learning. I am a grade I teacher in Masulog Elementary School, and as part of the K+12 Curriculum grade I teacher use the MTBMLE (Mother Tongue Based Multi-lingual Education) as learning area and used as medium of instruction in this way children can easily recognized things, express their thoughts and for me understand their lesson so maximum learning is acquired. It also helps in bridging or transition Filipino and English as language of instruction introduced in Grade 3. For me I would say that I agree with the viewpoint expressed in the AVP, K+12 Curriculum can really alleviate the standard of education. It will also give every learner an opportunity to receive quality education based on an enhanced and decongested curriculum that is internationally recognized and comparable. Though there are issues and concerns with this new curriculum like competencies demanded of teachers for effective implementation of K+12 especially in grades 11-12 (pre-service and In-service Education, preparedness of DepEd K+12 BEP implementers (teachers, school heads, supervisors), transition period in the MTBMLE progression program, MT proficiency of teachers in the MTBMLE program, preparation of learning materials, literary and informational texts in K+12 and more. But, if education could be the only best option to secure the future of our youth, all of us are here to support this option.

Major Turning Points in U.S. History (1492-1820) Essay

Throughout documented United States history, immense changes in social, political, and economic establishments have been brought about by perplexing people or conditions. Often, these changes mark a turning point in the progress of civilization as new ideas are formed, new governments raised, or new discoveries put to use in the interest of progress. Whether these pivotal moments in history may be triggered due to a single nonconforming individual or a vast, radical multitude, each turning point has explicit influences and outcomes which shaped America for years to follow. Every important decision has two key dimensions. The first is the outcome in the immediate case, and the second is as a precedent for future development. When calculating the most substantial turning points of something as expansive as an entire country one must discern not merely the immediate effects, but the long-term consequences as well. Throughout the duration of this essay I will briefly analyze what is perceived to be the most imperative turning points in American history politically, socially, culturally, and economically on, not simply an immediate premise, but also on an enduring scale. One of the first major turning point events in early American history was the French and Indian war. The French and Indian war was fought between the French and its American Indian allies against the British colonial forces from the year 1756 to 1763 and is considered one of the bloodiest wars in American colonial history, and the bloodiest American war in the 18th century. It took more lives than the American Revolution and involved people on three continents. The war was the product of an imperial struggle, a clash between the French and English over colonial territory and wealth. The war was fought for 7 years across territory in North America and a major cause for this war was struggle for territorial expansion between Frenc h and English forces. It is also believed that the effects of the French Indian War are the ultimate cause of American Revolution. Before and throughout the French and Indian War, from about 1650 to 1763, Britain essentially left its American colonies to run themselves in an age of neglect. The consequences of the war successfully ended French political and cultural influence in North America. England gained massive amounts of land and vastly strengthened its hold on the continent. The war, however, also had indirect results. It severely eroded the relationship between England and Native Americans; and, though the war seemed to strengthen England’s hold on the colonies, the effects of the French and Indian War played a key role in the deteriorating relationship between England and its colonies that ultimately led into the Revolutionary War. As you proceed onward with the history of our country you reach what is undisguisedly the most significant turning point in American history; the American Revolution. After the French and Indian War, the age of neglect was finished. Britain, wanting to replenish its drained treasury, placed a more substantial tax burden on America and tightened regulations in the colonies. Over the years, Americans were forbidden to circulate local printed currencies, ordered to house British troops, made to comply with restrictive shipping policies, and forced to pay unpopular taxes. Furthermore, many of those failing to conform to the new rules found themselves facing a British judge with no jury. Americans were shocked and offended by what they viewed as violations of their liberties. Over time, this shock turned to anger, which ultimately grew into desire for rebellion. The Treaty of Paris was signed in Paris, France on September 3, 1783. This ended the American Revolutionary War, and gave the colonies their independence from Great Britain. The 13 states were now free to join together and become the United States of America. They could now formulate their own government and conceive their own laws. This freedom was the most substantial effect of the American Revolution. New ideas like those conveyed in the Declaration of Independence were finally allowed to spread and grow in the new country. The British gave America all of the land between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mississippi River, from Canada to the north and Florida to the south. If the revolution had not taken place, it is probable we would still be under British rule today. The newly formed United States of America would need to set up a new national government. The citizens of the new country did not want a government that would inflict high taxes like England did before the revolution. However the new government would be weak unless the states were willing to compromise. The Articles of Confederation specified that all thirteen states had to ratify any new constitution for it to take effect. To avoid this obstacle, the delegates included in the new Constitution a section outlining a new plan for ratification. Once nine of the thirteen states had ratified the document (at special conventions with elected representatives), the Constitution would replace the Articles in those nine states. The delegates figured correctly that the remaining states would be unable to survive on their own and would have to ratify the new document as well. Politically, the creation of a new constitution, led to the establishment of a new centralized democratic government. Socially, more individuals and groups fought to secure rights for themselves, especially women, slaves, and religious groups. Economically, a method for fixing the national debt, along with a strong agrarian base, would help a slow, but steady improvement to American society. Political, social, and economic aspects of the overall American society were affected so dramatically as to create a new country that is so unlike any nation created before it. Benjamin Franklin jokingly made one of the best educated guesses and assumptions of all-time when he said, â€Å"Our new Constitution is now established, and has an appearance that promises permanency; but in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxe s†. Neither death nor taxes have shown any sign of letting up, and the Constitution has shown plenty of longevity. Over 220 years after the ratification of the Constitution it stands almost untouched to rule and guide the citizens of the United States of America. Thousands of laws, actions, treaties, regulations, and judicial rulings have been made and decided on behalf of this document. This document not only protects and governs the lives of the people, but the businesses and foundations in which they work and own. As American Society continued to grow reaching residency in the millions another huge turning point event arose, the Louisiana Purchase. The purchase of Louisiana by the American President Thomas Jefferson was one of the greatest acquisitions America managed in history. It paved way for easy trade and doubled the total land space of the country. The Louisiana territory encompassed all or part of 15 present U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. The Americans managed to acquire this immense amount of land for merely $15 million dollars. Furthermore this colossal purchase directly led to what is identified as the Lewis and Clark Expedition. The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–1806), was the first transcontinental expedition to the Pacific coast undertaken by the United States. Commissioned by President Thomas Jefferson, it was led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. It is difficult to overstate the long-term ramifications of the Expedition. The most noticeable immediate effect was the rise in the northern plains fur trade between 1806 and 1812. For Native Peoples, the aftermath of the Lewis and Clark was anything but a positive experience. Perhaps the most devastating was the outbreak of smallpox among the Mandan in 1837, an epidemic which all but destroyed the once-powerful group. To the Native Americans, it was the beginning of an end. Their lives were forever changed by their contact with the fur traders, soldiers, and missionaries that followed in result of the Lewis and Clark expedition. The changes were no less profound for the European Americans either. Lewis and Clark provided valuable information about the topography, the biological sciences, the ecology, and ethnic and linguistic studies of the American Indian. The mysteries of the vast area known as the Louisiana Purchase quickly disappeared after Lewis and Clark.

Heterodoxy A 1910s-1930s Club for Unorthodox Feminists

The Heterodoxy club of New York City was a  group of women who met on alternate Saturdays in Greenwich Village, New York, beginning  in the 1910s, to debate and question various forms of orthodoxy, and to find other women with a similar interest. What Was Heterodoxy? The organization was called Heterodoxy in recognition that the women involved were unorthodox, and questioned forms of orthodoxy in culture, in politics, in philosophy—and in sexuality.   Although not all members were lesbians, the group was a haven for those members who were lesbians or bisexual. Membership rules were few: Requirements included an interest in women’s issues, producing work that was â€Å"creative, and secrecy about what went on in the meetings. The group continued into the 1940s. The group was consciously more radical than other women’s organizations of the time, particularly women’s clubs.   Who Founded Heterodoxy? The group was founded in 1912 by Marie Jenney Howe. Howe had been trained as a Unitarian minister, though she was not working as a minister. Notable Heterodoxy Club Members Some members became involved in the more radical wing of the suffrage movement and were arrested in White House protests in 1917 and 1918 and jailed at Occoquan workhouse. Doris Stevens, a participant in both Heterodoxy and the suffrage protests, wrote of her experience.   Paula Jacobi, Alice Kimball, and Alice Turnball were also among those protestors who had connections with Heterodoxy. Other notable participants in the organization included: Katherine Susan AnthonySara Josephine BakerAgnes de MilleCrystal EastmanElizabeth Gurley FlynnCharlotte Perkins GilmanSusan GlaspellMarie Jenney HoweFannie HurstElizabeth IrwinMabel Dodge LuhanMary Margaret McBrideInez MilhollandAlice Duer MillerDoris StevensRose Pastor StokesMargaret Widdemer Speakers at group meetings, who were not members of Heterodoxy, included: Emma GoldmanHelen KellerAmy LowellMargaret Sanger

Literary Devices Malcolm X Essay - 1330 Words

Well Read Most of us learn to read through various outlets such as television, books, movies, etc. Becoming literate is essential to functioning in society. Looking back at one of the most influential figures of the 1960’s, it is hard to imagine that at age 21 Malcolm X tried to start a letter with â€Å"Look, daddy, let me pull your coat about a cat†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (X 256). He spent 7 years in prison for robbery, and during that time he underwent a self-metamorphosis. His way of putting it is â€Å"books opened up a whole new world to me† (260). History, philosophy, genetics and a whole dictionary all contributed to his learning process. But, as he learned more, he found the terrors of slavery and the other atrocities that the white man had brought upon the†¦show more content†¦Malcolm states that he transcribed the entire dictionary, and this helped him realize that there were many words that he did not know. From there on the reader sees his dedication to literature â €Å"I printed out everything on that first page of the dictionary, down to the punctuation† (258). Instead of saying he was dedicated to books, he keeps introducing these photos of how dedicated he was to reading. Further into the book the imagery continues as he reminisces, â€Å"You couldn’t have got me out of books with a wedge†¦ [and] months passed without me even thinking about being imprisoned† (259). These two quotes are semi-abstract, in a sense, but the reader’s brain still tries to make the connection. Such as, if I was imprisoned, how hard would it be not to think of my incarceration? Or, could they really not pry him out of a book with a wedge? It’s silly, but the brain works that way. Lastly, we see imagery by X stating that he was able to read about history from outside the white narrative. He articulates it in a way that brings shame to any human who has a heart, â€Å"black slave women tied up and flogged with whips; of black mothers watching their babies being dragged off, never to be seen by their mothers again; of dogs after slaves, and of the fugitive slave catchers, evil white menShow MoreRelatedWhat does Tone have to do with it?1470 Words   |  6 Pagesit? People learn rhetorical devices as soon as they can speak. Phrases like, â€Å"watch your tone,† â€Å"use your words,† â€Å"don’t guilt trip,† and many others are taught to children while they develop skills to communicate and disagree affectively. As people grow older, they become more adept at developing convincing arguments. The use of specific types of: tone, diction, and the pistes allow a rhetor to influence an audience. Two people that used these rhetorical devices to great effect were Dr. MartinRead MoreThe Year 1978 By Maya Angelou1883 Words   |  8 Pages3.) During Maya’s teenage years she won a scholarship to study dance and drama at San Francisco’s Labor school. This exhibits the tremendous talent that was possessed by her at a young age. Also Maya was active in the Civil Rights Movement with Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. Throughout her life she has won many awards. Such awards include the Pulitzer Prize for her book and also three Grammy Awards for her spoken word albums. At the age of 14 she dropped out of school despite her scholarshipRead More A Clockwork Orange, by Stanley Kubrick Essay example1522 Words   |  7 PagesA Clockwork Orange is a Stanley Kubrick film from 1971. Kubrick directed the film and wrote the screen play based on the 1962 novel from author Anthony Burgess. A Clockwork Orange was originally rated, â€Å"X† and nominated for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Film Editing and Best Screenplay, but lost in each category to William Friedkins The French Connection (filmsite.org). The set design is by John Barry, costume design by Milena Canonero, music by Wendy Carlos and cinematography by John AlcottRead MoreComics, The X-Men, and Popular Culture Essay4876 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿Ismael Nava Cultural Studies May 9, 2013 Comics, The X-Men, and Popular Culture The genre of comic books and the characters that are included in this fictional universe have taken an importance seat in American popular culture today. Comics can serve many purposes. Comics can be the favorite entertainment material that a person chooses to read. Comics can help someone pass the time as they take a break from a walk around their local mall, airport, or grocery store. The comic book can be theRead MoreHow Storytelling Is A Link And Establishes Order Essay1945 Words   |  8 Pagesgoing to discuss the similarities of all these writers and their contribution to the literature world. James Baldwin is an African-American writer born August 2, 1924 in Harlem, New York. 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If Jamaican churches have come to reexamine the extent of their relevance to the real Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesExercise for Gaining Power 311 Repairing Power Failures in Management Circuits 311 Exercise for Using Influence Effectively 312 Ann Lyman’s Proposal 313 Exercises for Neutralizing Unwanted Influence Attempts 314 Cindy’s Fast Foods 314 9:00 to 7:30 315 x CONTENTS SKILL APPLICATION 317 Activities for Gaining Power and Influence Suggested Assignments 317 Application Plan and Evaluation 318 317 SCORING KEYS AND COMPARISON DATA 319 Gaining Power and Influence 319 Scoring Key 319 Comparison DataRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagessorts in Israel, India, and China. Equally impressive in terms of the global range of questions they include, Hecht and Edwards look at the impact of the nuclear nations’ quest for viable, stable sources of uranium and sites for testing nuclear devices in locales as disparate as French Polynesia, Niger, Gabon, and the Belgian Congo. Having had the good fortune to escape the global nuclear holocaust that was once widely accepted as inevitable if not imminent, humanity came to recognize, albeit

Questions On Customer Relationship Management - 1351 Words

.2 Customer Relationship Management 2.2.1 Introduction Follow previous development of relationship marketing field consistently, CRM leverage relationship marketing by utilizing information technology, aim to discover how organization utilize integrated tactics to access to customer properly and pursue invulnerable relationship eventually in terms of customer loyalty. As the globalized environment shifting rapidly, modern savvy customers increase gradually; moreover, they have more opportunities to approach to best products and services at the best price. Hence, building closer relationship with customers’ in order to differentiate one from others became a priority objective for organization. 2.2.2 Customer-centric marketing world Swift,†¦show more content†¦First of all, the concept of marketing highlighted by Lerer’s (2002), who states marketing supports CRM by approaching to individual customers based on market segmentation’ technic to target different segments of customers, meanwhile, step forward to their target audiences with specific information. Secondly, sales management contributes to balance between customer objective/practice and those of firm, processes under the framework of managing customer relationship (Dorsch et al., 2001). Additionally, information processing and resource dependency play the role to value global account management of international business, which reflect customer dependency of organization’ CRM system (Birkinshaw et al., 2001). Thirdly, extra services and support, which are the component this research focus on mainly, are valued with right communication tactics and personalized CRM system, companies today are able to reduce cost considerably and create customer satisfaction more efficiently (Torcy, 2002). Also, quality management should permeate organization’ CRM system addressed properly on quality of design, quality of conformance and quality of performance (Kerstin, 1999; Sinha, 2001; Li et al., 2002). However, according to a report from Ngai, 2005, lacks of CRM studies conduct to measure the performance and quality ofShow MoreRelatedCustomer Relationship Management ( Crm ) Essay831 Words   |  4 PagesCRM: Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty, and Firm Profitability Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a tool that helps track, manage and supply information about customer’s interactions with an organization to help contribute to customer satisfaction that leads to customer loyalty. Additionally, CRM programs provide tools and applications designed to target their efforts on the most profitable customers, target new potential customers, and generate sales and maintain relationships withRead MoreRelationship Between Companies And Their Customers1485 Words   |  6 Pagestechnologies and the internet has greatly increased the opportunities and the possibilities for marketing and has changed the way of the relationship between companies and their customers are managed (Bauer,2002). The competition in the market has become more intense, an increasing number of services provider have adopted the techniques of customer’s relationship management (CRM) in order to strengthen their competitive position (Roh et al., 2005). 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This research proposal aims to address the several customer retention strategies implemented by the famous food chain restaurant, Mc Donald. Bearing in mind the increased significance of enhanced customer relationships, this topic is worthwhile to be examined for gaining an insight about the different tactics and strategiesRead MoreSupply Chain Management1653 Words   |  7 Pages------------------------------------------------- Answer | | b. They address long-term strategic questions as facility location and sizing | | | a. They support tactical planning efforts by allocating fixed logistics capacity | | | d. They store goods and move them | | | c. They initiate and control the movement of materials between supply chain partners | 1.5 points Question 2 1. ------------------------------------------------- In the San Diego distribution center (DC)Read MoreSample Cscp Questions1418 Words   |  6 PagesModule: 1 Question 1 All of the following are key components of the definition of supply chain management, EXCEPT: A. monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value B. synchronizing of supply and demand C. building a competitive infrastructure D. selecting suppliers Question 2 Which of the following is a key supply chain process? A. forecast B. source C. benchmark D. analyze Question 3 Supply chains create value by: A. increasing profitabilityRead MoreOnline Customer Relationship and Marketing: MedEd and CyberHealth Case Study1436 Words   |  6 Pagesacquisition of CyberHealth. Personalized customer interaction involves things like logging a website visitors previous history onto cookies, so that when that person comes back to your site, he or she can be directed back to the key pages previously viewed. Online retailing sites like Amazon do this very well. A related concept is customer relationship management, whereby the institution takes a proactive role in managing that relationship, including personalized customer interaction, and initiating contactRead MoreExam Summary949 Words   |  4 Pagesas a group. 1. The Exam is of 2 Hours duration. Total number of questions : 5 Questions, each with sub-parts. Answer all 5 Questions. 2. Not all questions are worth equal marks. Marks available for questions and question sub-parts are shown on the Exam paper. 3. Total marks available 100 MARKS. The exam is worth 45% of the total marks for the course. 4. There will be no multiple choice questions. 5. 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Reported by Eriksson and Soderberg (2010) is that the Relationships between buyersRead MoreGscm550 Week1 Study Questions818 Words   |  4 PagesCourse: GSCM550 – Logistics, Distribution and Warehousing Assignment: Chapter 2 - Study Question – 1, 4 Chapter 3 – Study Question – 2, 4 Chapter 2 Question 1: Illustrate a common trade-off that occurs between the work areas of logistics. According to Bowersox (2012) â€Å"trade-offs between procurement, manufacturing, and logistics is to understand that the trade-off is between the cost and risk associated with anticipatory manufacturing and the loss of economy of scale resulting from introducing

System Thinking For Sustainable Changes- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theSystem Thinking For Sustainable Changes. Answer: Introduction: The term system thinking defines a disciplined management and understanding of situation and examining the issues to take decision about that relevant matter. It is a holistic approach to judge the constituent parts and how system work over time. It can be used in any area of research and study including environment, politics, economy, human resource and many others. The system thinking defines a systematic approach for resolving issues in our daily life(Gandois et al 2013). A technical and calculated approach helps to judge the situation and measure the risks and positive approach related to it. the study will discuss about the system thinking that will develop solution for sustainability challenges. The term sustainability defines some measures to meet the need of the present situation. The sustainability challenge for forestation will be discussed in the study. The importance and side effects of deforestation, how to deal with the issues, what are the issues and what will be the s ide effect after the sustainable development will be discussed in the following study. Background: The term deforestation means clearance or removal of forest, trees or greenery from nature. The cutting down of trees for making new product is termed as deforestation. The trees are cut down for utilization of their products like stem, bark, juices. The forests are also cleared for utilizing the land for building houses, factory, recreation zone and many other things. The process has been followed since a long time and has resulted to a disastrous outcome. The reason for deforestation are human development and sustainability, however, they have forgotten that the natural resources also needs to be sustained to maintain a balance in the ecosystem. The need for plants is everywhere thus the human must assure a sustainable development for such resources. Deforestation is a destruction of large areas or rainforests for logging, urbanization, mining, agriculture. It is estimated 18 million acres of forest are lost per year. This can be a serious threat to the eco system and nature. Defor estation is not only cutting down of trees only, it refers to the loss of habitat of thousand s of living organism. Impacts: The impacts of deforestations are severe in nature. The forest life consists of the habitats of thousand of living organisms. It has a negative impact on environment by loosing millions of species. According to (Lienhoop and Brouwer 2015) 80% of the Earths land animals and plants live in forests and cannot survive without forest. Thus if this resource is eliminated from the Earth then these animals will die or suffer in nature. Deforestation also balances the climate or weather of that particular area. It is estimated that the worlds arable land has been l=already lost due to deforestation. A clear cutting of land, when the cash crops are planted it further damages the condition of the soil thus resulting soil erosion. The deforestation causes severe damage to many aspects of nature and they are: Damage to the soil: Due to excess removal of plants in nature the soils are effected very badly. The trees hold the soil together just as if an anchor.teh removal of trees makes the soil weak and lose, thus causing soil erosion and degradation. The soil plays a vital role in daily life. The soil is the base of Earths crust and is a vital source for living(Kucuker et al 2015). Deforestation causes a widespread soil erosion thus washing away the water from its desired destination. Impact in climate: the environment can be highly effected due to deforestation. The tropical rain forests move more water than other ecosystem on land, the plants turn the soil water into moisture in nature thus providing a cooling atmosphere in nature. The forest determines the rain fall in that area and maintains a balance in the ecosystem. The forest determines the heat of the area. The more forest a place has the less heat they face, however a reduction in forest increases the heat of the area. Loss of habitat: The plants and trees in a forest consist of the habitat of millions of living being. Due to deforestation, these animals lose their habitat resulting to their death. Thus, when the nature is losing plants it is not only losing the greenery but also the fauna of that particular region(Lawrence and Vandecar 2015). The species that are dependent on the forest of the area are dying. This is resulting to a loss of animal life also. The species are becoming rare or extinct due to the loss of greenery. Increase in pollution: the leading population is increasing the scope of pollution in the nature. These pollutions can be replaced only by proper maintenance and fresh air in nature. Plants are a major source for fresh air and oxygen in nature. Due to deforestation, the trees are cut down thus decreasing the sources of fresh air in nature. The pollutions are also increasing in nature without any replacement for fresh air(Haim, White and Alig 2015). Thus, deforestation can cause a serious damage to the air condition also. Impact on water cycle: the forest transports a large quantity of water in the atmosphere. The trees in nature somehow maintain the water balance. The soil water is transferred to nature making the air moisture retained and cool. The loss of plants will reduce the scope for retaining back the water into nature and thus the water cycle will be hampered in nature. The water received from the plants makes the area cooler and maintains the temperature of that area. However, a loss in this water resources makes the area more dry and without rain(Salih et al 2013). These are the major damages caused by the human activity, deforestation. The mankind never thought of the side effects and kept on depleting the plant sources thus resulting to harmful side effects(Lorenz and Pitman 2014). There is an urgency now to take systematic steps to prevent this resource by necessary steps. The following paragraphs will discuss about the possible steps that must be taken to maintain the resources in a sustainable manner. It is high time to take steps to prevent any further deforestation in nature. People must realize the damage that has been already caused to the nature by the human activities. Few major steps must be taken to improve the situation in future. Enhancing afforestation: the government and environmentalist should encourage planting more trees and plants in nature. They should reduce the scope for deforestation and plant more trees in nature. The greenery that has been already lost from nature should be retained back and maintained for future. The organizations should implement new plans of planting new trees and maintaining the greenery in nature (Komonen et al 2016). The organizations must make sure that the random cutting down of trees must be stopped and strict action must be taken for them who are cutting down more trees. Recycle and reuse of forest products: people should make sure that the products that are obtained from plants and trees should not be wasted. Instead, they should reuse the same products for further use in future. The products can be recycled for making products. This will help to reduce the cutting down of trees in nature. The recycled products will be formed by the use of previous products thus helping to save plants. The organizations must maintain the recycle and reuse strategies to prevent any further disturbance to nature and forests in future. Implementation of strict law: The countries or the environmentalists of the country should introduce strict laws against deforestation. The laws should be implemented for cutting down or trees, reducing plants growth, clearance of land, forest fire. The laws should be serious and strict so that the population may think twice before cutting down trees or practising slash burning in nature. The requirement for cutting down of trees should be well justifies, however, direct cutting down of trees should not be supported instead they can use a part of the trees that will sustain the trees. Use of alternate sources: the organizations can use alternate resources and substitutes to use in replacement of the plants products. The plants products can be altered by some other product and can be used in nature. The human to make their lifestyle easy and simple uses the plant products. These products are taken from plants in return of the plant life. The forest life is hampered due to building of factories, complexes and growing crops(Lu et al 2014). People must use the land with sustainable decisions. They can use land that do not have proper plantation or is not a forest. Apart from forestland there are many barren land that can be used for all these development. People must use these lands to save the forest land and culture. Sometimes the products that are required to produce products that require plant resources can be replaced by other sources that can replace that source. This will save the plant life and forest culture in that particular area. Protected areas must be created: the government must make sure to prevent deforestation and support forestation in nature. They can protect few special areas like park, forest from being damaged by humans. These areas will have a special resource of greenery and will remain untouched by humankind. The government can use strict plans and laws to protect these areas thus proving some greenery to the concrete environment(Robalino and Pfaff 2013). The government can support organizations that are taking initiative to protect the greenery of the area and are enhancing the sense of greenery to the society. They can arrange for workshop and street shows to attract the mass for informing them about the importance of greenery. This might help the society to realize the damage that been already caused and they might also realize the upcoming issues that they all have to face due to this massive damage. Creation of special security unit: the government must create a special unit for safeguarding the environment. The measures that the government will take to protect the natural greenery should be more strict and strong to make it mandatory for the others to safeguard the greenery and plant more trees(Arima et al 2014). The government must make sure to introduce strict policy to the society so that they take measurable steps to protect the plants and forests in nature. The government must impose serious punishments for the offender and prevent such risk taking works(Sadeghi et al 2016). Thus, to conclude it can be said that the natural sources are rare in nature and will deplete if not preserved in a sustainable manner. The natural resources are the basic support for living beings to survive on earth. Unfortunately, humans are unable to realize the related risk that can be a serious threat if not preserved properly. Greenery or forest is one of the important factor in nature and has to be well maintained. The use of forest has increased so much in the recent past that it is having a negative impact in the environment. The excess reduction of plants and trees are increasing the risk to living organisms. The habit of million species is hampered and there is an increase in pollution and in nature. Before it is too late every one must take measurable steps to prevent any further degradation in nature. 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